Evolutionary perspective: personality traits evolved because they helped humans survive and reproduce.
Traits perspective: personality consists of traits that can be measured. Culture perspective: society and culture shape personality development.
These perspectives continue to influence personality research today.
Key terms:
personality: the consistent pattern of thinking, feeling and behaving that makes each person Unique.
Temperament: natural pattern of emotion and behaviour.
Humors The forur bodily fluids believed to influence responses.
Phrenology: the discredited belief that personality could be determined by the shape of the skull.
Psychodynamic theory: Freud's theory that unconscious processes and childhood experiences shape personalities.
Neo-Freudian psychologists who expanded Freud's ideas by placing greater emphasis on social and cultural influences.
Trait: a consistent characteristic or tendency in a person's behaviour.
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